Sustainability & carbon

Emission factors, Scope 1–3 and data quality

Understand factor versioning and why activity data can be better than spend-only estimates.

Understand factor versioning and why activity data can be better than spend-only estimates.

Emission factors are not hard-coded without versions. Source, dataset version, geography, validity, unit and methodology belong to the calculation.

What it does

Emission factors are not hard-coded without versions. Source, dataset version, geography, validity, unit and methodology belong to the calculation.

How to use it

Scope 1 typically covers direct emissions, Scope 2 purchased energy and Scope 3 selected indirect categories. When quantity/activity data exists, it should be preferred over coarse spend estimates.

Controls and boundaries

Confidence and uncertainty communicate data quality. Factor changes create traceable recalculations rather than silently rewriting history.